Web and ? Not sure about web UI design, but for UX Nielsen and Baymard are supposed to be canon.
Long form is the best form.
Browsers are on a slow march towards fully adopting user options for standardized/algorithmic color stylesheets. Great debates over what color to paint the bike shed (website) will eventually end. Paint it (mostly) whatever color you want.
In addition to the invert filter, another way of quickly bootstrapping a dark mode stylesheet is to use Chromium’s auto dark mode emulation as an initial reference.
If you don’t know which static site generator to use, choose one built in a language that you’re familiar with or want to learn. Under the hood they all use similiar constructs.